infectious diseases

Hepatitis A is a contagious disease caused by a virus of the Picornavirus family, which causes inflammation of the liver. It most often causes a mild and short duration, and usually does not become chronic as in hepatitis B or C. However, people who are weak or have weakened immunity, such as those with uncontrolled diabetes, cancer and AIDS, for example, may have a severe form of the disease, which can be fatal

Bird flu does not pass from person to person and there are also no cases of contamination through the consumption of the meat or eggs of these animals. The most commonly infected animals are chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese but there are no recorded cases of avian influenza in animals or humans in Brazil

Typhoid fever is an infectious disease that can be transmitted through the consumption of water and food contaminated with Salmonella typhi , which is the etiological agent of typhoid, causing symptoms such as high fever, poor appetite, enlarged spleen, and red skin patches, for example. The treatment of typhoid fever can be done with antibiotics, resting and ingestion of fluids to hydrate the patient

Cytomegalovirus, also known as CMV, is a virus in the same herpes family, which can cause symptoms such as fever, sore throat, and swollen belly. Like herpes, this virus is also present in most people, but only causes symptoms when the immune system is weakened, such as in pregnant women, people with HIV, or in patients taking cancer treatment, for example

Hepatitis B does not always have a cure, but about 95% of cases of acute hepatitis B in adults have spontaneous cure and most of the time there is no need to carry out the specific treatment, being only necessary to take care of the food, do not drink alcoholic beverages, avoid making efforts and moisturize properly, because the body's own defense cells can fight the virus and eliminate the disease

Treatment for hepatitis C can be done by the SUS through specific drugs to eliminate the virus from the bloodstream. The mean treatment time for hepatitis C is approximately 6 months for patients with genotype 2 or 3 and 12 months for the others. During this time the patient is expected to follow all doctor's directions and take the medications correctly because in case of dropping the treatment the risk of mortality is higher

Hepatitis C can be cured with medicines prescribed by the doctor, but depending on the type of treatment the cure can range from 50 to 100%. The treatment regimen performed with Interferon is less effective and not everyone is cured and therefore it is possible to remain with the virus in the liver even after the end of treatment and in this case the person will be classified as having chronic hepatitis C

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by contamination with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. About 90% of people who are infected do not have any symptoms, but this infection is particularly severe in women during pregnancy because it can endanger the baby's life. Women who have been contaminated before becoming pregnant can develop chronic toxoplasmosis and need not worry, but anyone who has never had contact with the micro-organism should be careful throughout pregnancy with everything they eat to avoid being contaminated at this stage, thus protecting the baby

The Toxoplasma gondii toxoplasmosis is present in certain birds and mammals, such as chickens, pigs, goats and cats, and can contaminate humans when they eat contaminated meat or eat water contaminated with the faeces of these animals. Another way to be contaminated with the toxoplasmosis pet is to eat foods that have been contaminated or washed with contaminated water with Toxoplasma gondii, such as fruits and vegetables

Treatment for toxoplasmosis is done through the use of antibiotic medicines, such as spiramycin, which removes the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii from the body of the individual. Toxoplasmosis is very common, affecting about 80% of the population, but is not always severe or has symptoms. Although usually treated when the individual has symptoms, treatment can be done even in the absence of these

Septicemia is a serious infection of the blood that happens when a bacterial infection in another part of the body, like lungs or skin, is able to spread through the bloodstream, arriving at several places of the body. Although they are similar, septicemia is not the same as sepsis, since sepsis is an even more serious complication in which there is inflammation of the whole organism, which increases the risk of clot formation

There are 5 types of dengue, but the most common types in Brazil are dengue type 1, 2 and 3, while dengue type 4 is more common in Costa Rica and Venezuela dengue type 5 in Asia. All 5 types of dengue generate the same symptoms, which include high fever, headache, pain in the back of the eyes and extreme tiredness

The symptoms of classic dengue fever last on average 7 days , depending on the state of health of the patient before becoming ill. In general, healthy adults usually recover from the disease in only 2 or 3 days because the body is better equipped to fight the virus. However, children, pregnant women, the elderly, or people with weakened immune systems, such as in AIDS cases and cancer treatment, may take up to 12 days to resolve, and it is important to have adequate rest and food to process of healing

Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya all have very similar symptoms, which usually go by in less than 15 days, but nevertheless, these three diseases can leave complications like pains that last for months or sequelae that can last forever. The Zika can leave complications such as microcephaly, the Chikungunya can cause arthritis and catching dengue 2 times increases the risk of dengue hemorrhagic and other complications such as liver changes such as hepatitis or acute liver failure, and other diseases such as meningitis

Congenital syphilis occurs when the bacteria responsible for syphilis pass from the mother to the baby through the placenta. This happens especially during the second half of pregnancy or when the pregnant woman has never had treatment for syphilis or started treatment less than 4 weeks before delivery

Transmission of dengue occurs during the bite of a virus infected Aedes Aegypti mosquito and the best way to protect against this disease is to fight the mosquito, avoiding the accumulation of standing water in containers such as cups, tires, bottle caps or plants. Learn to identify the dengue mosquito by clicking here

Superbugs are the result of incorrect use of antibiotics that lead to genetic mutations making them resistant to these drugs. Unfortunately even the strongest antibiotics such as carbamines do not have any effect on the superbugs, which end up being difficult to control, and can lead many to death. The bacterium Klebisiella pneumoniae, known by the acronym KPC , is an example of superbug, which is capable of resisting most of the existing antibiotics, provoking symptoms such as high fever, difficulty breathing and recurrent infections, being potentially fatal

Dengue transmission occurs during the bite of a virus infected Aedes Aegypti mosquito. Learn to identify the Aedes Aegypti mosquito by clicking here. After the bite, the symptoms are not immediate because the virus has an incubation time that lasts between 5 to 15 days. After this time, the first symptoms begin to appear, which may include headache, high fever, pain in the back of the eyes and pain in the body

Influenza A, also known as swine flu is caused by the H1N1 virus, which is transmitted by air, from person to person, through droplets of saliva from one sick individual to another healthy. The diagnosis of this flu is done through a blood test, because its symptoms are similar to those of ordinary flu, being only slightly stronger

The treatment of swine flu, also known as influenza A or H1N1, is done primarily to relieve symptoms and help the body recover faster, as this disease can cause serious complications such as pneumonia and death. The ideal is to go to the doctor to be evaluated and to start the appropriate treatment quickly, which usually involves the use of medications and home care, such as drinking plenty of water to prevent dehydration, rest and avoid contact with other people, not to disease