diagnostic exams

The creatinine clearance test is done to evaluate kidney function, which is done by comparing the creatinine concentration in the blood with the creatinine concentration present in the person's 24-hour urine sample. Thus, the result informs the amount of creatinine that has been taken from the blood and eliminated in the urine, which is made by the kidneys

Creatinine is a substance in the blood that is produced by the muscles and eliminated in the kidneys. Thus, by analyzing creatinine levels it is possible to identify if there is a problem in the kidneys, especially when it is increased in the blood, since it can mean that the kidneys are not being able to eliminate creatinine and, therefore, it is being accumulated in the blood

The PTH exam is requested with the objective of evaluating the functioning of the parathyroid glands, which are small glands located in the thyroid that have the function of producing the parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is produced in order to avoid hypocalcemia, ie low blood calcium concentrations, which can lead to seizures and heart failure in more severe cases and when there is no treatment

Blood phosphorus testing is usually done along with the dosage of calcium, parathyroid hormone or vitamin D and is intended to aid in the diagnosis and to assist in the monitoring of diseases involving the kidneys or the gastrointestinal tract. Phosphorus is a mineral that can be obtained through diet and helps in the process of formation of teeth and bones, in the workings of muscles and nerves and energy supply

Proteinuria consists of an excess of protein found in urine, which may be indicative of various diseases, however, low levels of protein in the urine are considered normal. This is because the protein molecules are large in size and therefore can not pass through the glomeruli or renal filters, and are not normally excreted in the urine

The 24-hour urine test is a 24-hour urine analysis to evaluate kidney function, which is very useful for identifying and monitoring kidney disease. This test is indicated primarily to measure kidney function or to assess the amount of protein or other substances in the urine, such as sodium, calcium, oxalate, or uric acid, for example, to identify kidney and urinary tract diseases

Oximetry is the test capable of measuring the oxygen saturation of the blood, which is the percentage of oxygen being transported in the bloodstream. This measure is usually necessary when diseases that impair or interfere with the functioning of the lungs, such as asthma, emphysema, pneumonia, lung cancer or pulmonary congestion or neurological diseases are suspected, for example

Conization of the cervix is ​​a minor surgery in which a piece of the cone-shaped cervix is ​​removed for evaluation in the laboratory. Thus, this procedure is used to perform the biopsy of the cervix when there is any alteration identified through the preventive, confirming or missing the diagnosis of cancer, but it can also serve as a treatment if it removes all the affected tissue. In add

Rectal examination is an examination commonly known as performed by the urologist to look for possible changes in the prostate that may be indicative of prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia. It is also an important test to evaluate changes in the rectum and anus by the coloproctologist, such as anal fissure, hemorrhoids or nodules

The BERA test, also known as BAEP or Auditory Evoked Potential of the Brain Stem, is an examination that evaluates the entire auditory system, verifying the absence or presence of hearing loss, which may be due to the lesion in the cochlea, auditory nerve or trunk which may compromise the development of speech, for example

PPD is the standard screening test to identify the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and thus assist the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Usually, this test is done on people who have been in direct contact with patients infected by the bacteria, even if they do not show symptoms of the disease, due to the suspicion of a latent tuberculosis infection when the bacterium is installed but has not yet caused the disease

Paracentesis is a medical procedure that consists of draining fluid from a body cavity. It is usually performed when there is ascites, which is the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, caused by diseases such as cirrhosis of the liver, cancer or abdominal infections, for example. Understand what is ascites and what diseases they cause

To identify diseases that affect the thyroid, there are several tests that can be requested by the doctor, which assess their size, the presence of tumors and the amount of hormones that reflect the proper functioning of this gland. Some of the most common tests are TSH, free T4 or thyroid ultrasound, which most often identify frequent changes such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism or thyroid nodules

The positive nitrite result indicates that bacteria capable of converting nitrate to nitrite have been identified in the urine and is indicative of a urinary infection, which should be treated with antibiotics such as Ciprofloxacin. Learn how the treatment for urinary tract infection is done. Although urinalysis is able to identify the presence of bacteria in the urine both by the presence of nitrite and by observation under a microscope, a more specific urine test, the uroculture, is indicated as it is able to identify the presence of bacteria in the urine even if the nitrite is negative, in a

Leukogram is a part of the blood test that consists of evaluating leukocytes, also called white blood cells, which are the cells responsible for the body's defense. This test indicates the number of neutrophils, rods or segmented, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils present in the blood

Video-laparoscopy serves as a diagnostic test or surgical technique and is the best means of diagnosing endometriosis, although this is not the first test performed, because it is possible to know that it is endometriosis through other tests such as transvaginal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging, which are less invasive

The VHS test is a blood test widely used to detect any inflammation or infection in the body. It can range from a simple cold, bacterial infections, to inflammatory diseases such as arthritis or acute pancreatitis, for example. This test measures the speed of separation between red blood cells and plasma, which is the liquid part of the blood, by the action of gravity

After unprotected intercourse there is always a risk of getting pregnant, especially if the woman was within her fertile time. After conception the body takes about 10 to 20 days to give the first signs that the pregnancy began, and it is in that period that the woman can do some home tests that can confirm that she is actually pregnant

Shoulder arthroscopy is a small surgical procedure in which the orthopedist makes a small cut on the skin of the shoulder and inserts a thin tube with a camera at the tip to observe the structures of the joint, such as bones, tendons and ligaments, for example. Usually, arthroscopy is used in cases of chronic shoulder pain that does not improve with the use of medicine and physical therapy

Pancreas endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, known only as ERCP, is an examination used to diagnose diseases in the biliary and pancreatic tract, such as chronic pancreatitis, cholangitis, or cholangiocarcinomas, for example. The major advantage of this examination is that in addition to being able to make the diagnosis without surgery it can also treat simpler problems by removing small stones that are in place or even widening the bile ducts with the placement of a stent