The treatment for achalasia aims to widen the sphincter of the esophagus, so that it allows the passage of food to the stomach.
One of the techniques used in the treatment is to fill a balloon inside the sphincter, which results in the enlargement of the muscle bundles, leaving this area permanently open. This technique is effective in 40% of cases, but several sessions are required.
Nitrates like nitroglycerin and calcium blockers used before meals help relax the sphincter.
Another alternative is the injection of Botulinum toxin, despite having satisfactory temporary effects, the efficacy of this technique is not known in the long term.
Surgery to cut muscle fibers from the sphincter is the treatment that demonstrates efficacy in cases of achalasia, but some individuals may have esophageal reflux after surgery.
