degenerative diseases

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system acts against the body itself, leading to the degradation of the myelin sheath that lines the neurons and, consequently, compromising the functioning of the nervous system. MS manifests itself in outbreaks; it may be a recurrent or progressive evolution, and its main symptoms are muscle weakness, depression, fatigue, and urinary or fecal incontinence due to loss of movement control

Sclerosis is a term used to indicate the stiffening of tissues, whether due to neurological, genetic or immunological issues, which can lead to compromising the body and reducing the person's quality of life. Depending on the cause, sclerosis can be classified as tuberous, systemic, amyotrophic or multiple lateral, each presenting different characteristics, symptoms and prognoses

Multiple sclerosis manifests itself through symptoms that become more evident during the periods known as crisis or outbreaks of the disease, which will arise throughout life, or due to progression of the disease. Thus, these can be very different, varying from one person to another, and may regress, disappearing completely when performing the treatment, or not, leaving some sequels

Dysarthria is a speech disorder, usually caused by a neurological disorder, such as a stroke, cerebral palsy, Parkinson's disease, myasthenia gravis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, for example. A person with dysarthria can not articulate and pronounce words well due to a change in the speech system, involving muscles of the mouth, tongue, larynx or vocal cords, which can lead to difficulties in communication and social isolation

The cerebral aneurysm is a permanent dilation in a blood vessel that carries blood to the brain. When a cerebral aneurysm ruptures, it always causes a bleeding that is more or less severe according to the size and amount of blood leaking into the skull. The most common symptom of a brain aneurysm is headache that can come on suddenly or that will increase over time

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a cancer that develops in muscles, tendons and connective tissue, affecting mainly children and young people up to 18 years. This type of cancer can arise in almost every location of the body, since it develops where there is skeletal muscle, however, it can also arise in some organs such as bladder, prostate or vagina

Diabetic neuropathy is a major complication of diabetes characterized by progressive degeneration of the nerves, decreasing the sensitivity in various parts of the body such as the feet, and therefore, patients can develop wounds without realizing their presence, resulting in infections, for example

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as ALS, is a degenerative disease that causes destruction of the neurons responsible for the movement of voluntary muscles, leading to a progressive paralysis that ends up preventing simple tasks such as walking, chewing or speaking, for example. Over time, the disease causes a decrease in muscle strength, especially in the arms and legs, and in more advanced cases, the affected person becomes paralyzed and their muscles begin to atrophy, becoming smaller and thinner

Hemangioma is a benign tumor formed by the abnormal accumulation of blood vessels, which can arise in several places of the body, being more common in the skin, in the liver or kidneys, for example. In the skin, the hemangioma may appear as a reddish or purplish spot or a solid, solid, bulging tumor

Melanoma is a type of malignant skin cancer that develops very fast and therefore can easily affect other organs through metastases when treatment is not started quickly. This type of cancer begins in melanocytes, which are the skin cells that produce melanin, the substance that gives color to the skin

Lymphocytic cancer or lymphoma is a disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes, which are cells responsible for the defense of the body. Normally, lymphocytes are produced and stored in the lymphatic system, which consists of organs, such as the thymus and spleen, and a network of vessels responsible for transporting the lymph from tissues to the blood vessels, which are called lymph nodes or gills

Hepatic encephalopathy is a disease characterized by malfunctioning of the brain due to liver problems such as liver failure, tumor or cirrhosis. One of the functions of the liver is to filter blood from digestion because it is responsible for metabolizing substances considered toxic to some organs. When the liver can not properly filter this blood, some toxic substances such as ammonia reach the brain and central nervous system causing hepatic encephalopathy

Drinking less than 1.5 L of water per day can impair kidney function and lead to acute or chronic kidney failure, for example, since lack of water reduces the amount of blood in the body and therefore interferes with the amount of oxygen the kidney receives, causing lesions in its cells and decreased function

Surgery for pancreatic cancer withdrawal is a treatment alternative considered by many oncologists to be the only form of treatment actually able to cure pancreatic cancer, however, this cure is only possible when the cancer is diagnosed in its early stage. Pancreatic cancer is most common after age 60 and is very aggressive and has a survival rate of about 20% at 10 years after diagnosis even when the person has only 1 small pancreatic adenocarcinoma and no affected lymph nodes

Treatment for pancreatic cancer varies according to organ involvement, the degree of cancer development, and the onset of metastases, for example. Thus, each case should be evaluated by an oncologist in order to choose one of the following forms of treatment: Surgery : It is usually done when the cancer has not yet developed out of the organ

Alzheimer's treatment is done to control the symptoms and slow the worsening of brain degeneration caused by the disease and includes the use of medicines such as Donepezil, Rivastigmine or Memantine, for example, indicated by the geriatrician, neurologist or psychiatrist. In addition to the use of medicines, it is important to make therapies that improve independence and reasoning, with occupational therapy, physical therapy, physical activities, and give preference to a Mediterranean diet, balanced and rich in vitamin C, E and omega 3, which antioxidant and protective action

Treatment for brain tumor usually consists of surgical removal of the tumor without damage to healthy brain tissue. It is common during surgery that the neurosurgeon remove a small sample in the tumor and send it to the laboratory so that the cells can be evaluated microscopically and thus, it is possible to affirm if it is a benign or malignant tumor

Tumor symptoms in the brain depend on the size, speed of growth and location of the tumor that, although it may appear at any age, usually appears mostly after age 60. Usually benign brain tumors, such as meningioma or glioma, grow slowly and do not always need treatment, because often the risk of surgery is greater than the tumor's bad effects

The brain tumor is characterized by the presence and proliferation of abnormal cells in the brain or meninges, which can happen due to genetic mutations or due to cancer metastasis from other parts of the body. Usually, brain tumors can be classified into 4 degrees according to their growth rate: Grade 1 and 2 brain tumor : A slow-growing brain tumor that rarely spreads to other regions of the brain

Progressive supranuclear palsy, also known by the acronym PSP, is a rare neurodegenerative disease, which causes the gradual death of neurons in certain areas of the brain, causing impairment of motor and mental abilities. It mainly affects men and people over 60 years of age, and is characterized by causing various movement disorders, such as speech disorders, inability to swallow, loss of eye movements, stiffness, falls, postural instability, as well as a picture of dementia, with changes in memory, thinking and personality