Osteopenia consists of the early loss of bone density that makes the bones weaker. Therefore, if not treated properly, osteopenia can become osteoporosis, which is a more serious problem in which the bones are very weak and can break with small strokes.
Generally, bone minerals, such as calcium, increase until around the age of 30, but after that age the bones are becoming more and more, and it is recommended to increase the intake of foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, such as the present on our nutritionist's list.
How to diagnose
To find out if there is a risk of developing osteopenia, it is advisable to take an examination that evaluates the density of bones, known as Bone Densitometry. This test is similar to an X-ray and therefore does not cause any pain or discomfort and the only preparation required is to avoid taking calcium supplements in the previous 24 hours.
The results of this examination may be:
| Meaning | Exam result |
| Normal density | Greater than - 1 |
| Osteopenia | Between -1 and -2.5 |
| Osteoporosis | Less than - 2.5 |
This examination should be done every year by women over 65 years and men over 70 years, because osteopenia does not present any type of symptom and, in this way, can easily evolve to osteoporosis if not identified and treated.
Who is most at risk
Osteopenia is more common in people with risk factors such as:
- Eat a diet low in calcium foods;
- Be a smoker;
- Do not practice regular physical activity;
- Have a family history of osteoporosis;
- Develop early menopause.
In addition, all women have a more pronounced loss of calcium from bones and, therefore, are more likely to develop osteopenia.
How to avoid osteoporosis
Treatment for osteopenia should be started quickly to prevent the development of osteoporosis, and it is important to change lifestyle habits such as doing regular physical activities and ingesting foods rich in calcium. Learn other tips to strengthen bones and prevent osteoporosis by watching this video:
In addition to these foods, it is also important to ingest more vitamin D as it is the substance that allows bones to absorb the amount of calcium needed.
Learn more about how this problem should be treated and avoid osteoporosis.
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